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$GRVT Independent “standalone” Layer 1 blockchains promised control—self-run validator sets, bespoke consensus rules, and the freedom to build infrastructure without relying on another network. But for some projects, the economics of maintaining a full security and execution stack have become harder to justify as costs rise and outside funding for smaller L1s has tightened. Last week, Zilliqa said it plans to move away from its L1 model and transition to an Ethereum-based Layer 2. In its announcement, the team pointed to a simple problem: usage never reached the level a standalone chain needs, while funding and liquidity for independent L1s have dried up—an environment made more unforgiving by recent hacks that underscored how expensive it is to secure a network on its own. Key takeaways Zilliqa is planning a shift from its independent Layer 1 to an Ethereum-based Layer 2, citing insufficient usage and limited standalone funding. Industry analysts argue that smaller L1s face structural profit challenges because they must fund both network security incentives and core protocol operations. Gnosis is pushing an “Ethereum Economic Zone” approach aimed at enabling synchronous interactions between Ethereum-based networks, including via its RollupX test network. Not all teams are converging on Ethereum settlement alone—some institutions continue to build independent L1s, suggesting no single “L1 vs L2” winner yet. Why Zilliqa is leaving the standalone L1 model Zilliqa’s decision reflects a broader trend: running an independent chain requires more than technical execution. A Layer 1 typically needs to handle multiple core functions—execution, consensus, data availability and settlement—while also funding token incentives used to secure the network through staking. According to Bitwise senior research analyst Max Shannon, the question ultimately comes down to profitability. In his view, many L2 models only need to maintain execution and do not necessarily require a token in the same way an L1 must, making the operating model potentially more attractive both financially and operationally. Shannon also highlighted a widening gap between larger networks and the rest. In CoinShares-style fee tracking summarized in the article, the top ten projects generated substantial fee revenue over the past 365 days—enough to support higher margins—while networks outside the largest cohort collectively earned far less annually. The takeaway for investors and builders is that strong community enthusiasm and ambitious roadmaps do not automatically translate into sustainable protocol economics. At the same time, moving to an Ethereum L2 doesn’t guarantee profitability by default. Shannon pointed to networks where expenses outweigh fee revenue, and noted that at least one project (Blast) has already shut down. For users, this matters because it suggests that “Ethereum integration” can reduce certain costs, but it does not eliminate the need for real demand, reliable execution, and a business model that can cover ongoing development and operational expenses. Ethereum settlement as the new default—plus the “liquidity” argument While cost savings are a major driver, the Ethereum pull goes beyond lighter infrastructure burdens. The argument for Ethereum settlement often centers on liquidity and access to an already-established ecosystem rather than building network effects from scratch. Gnosis illustrates a more ambitious version of this idea. Although the project has long been Ethereum-adjacent, it is working on a transition that targets spring 2027 to complete a move into an Ethereum-based “Ethereum Economic Zone” (EEZ). The plan would replace Gnosis Chain’s own validator-based consensus with Ethereum settlement—effectively shifting where the security anchor sits. Gnosis’s EEZ initiative, according to the article, aims to allow separate Ethereum-based networks to interact synchronously. The goal is to let smart contracts on one network call another and use the response within the same transaction, without relying on the usual bridge-and-wait process. In practical terms, this is an effort to reduce friction across chains and make composability feel more native. Ethereum supporters are watching this closely. The article cites ETH bull materkel describing the EEZ concept as a potential “black hole for liquidity,” implying that if interoperability improves, more value and activity could concentrate around Ethereum’s wider onchain liquidity. Whether that happens will depend on execution—especially the ability to coordinate different rollup or chain designs without creating new bottlenecks or complexity. Shared security without losing sovereignty—where interoperability still breaks There is also a growing view that Ethereum settlement and chain sovereignty need not be opposites. In the article, Matter Labs co-founder and chief executive Alex Gluchowski—whose company builds Ethereum L2 ZKsync—said he expects more teams to keep their own chains while using Ethereum for settlement. Gluchowski’s framing is straightforward: running an independent L1 usually means maintaining not only security but also building something users actually want. By contrast, sharing Ethereum’s security can free resources to focus on application-level value. He added that he sees few user needs that require a truly independent L1 rather than an Ethereum-based chain. But the most significant obstacle is interoperability. The article notes that today’s L2 ecosystems often feel isolated from each other and from Ethereum itself, with jumping between networks possible but far from seamless. Fragmentation becomes especially problematic when privacy is involved, because connecting private execution environments can be difficult. For applications handling sensitive information, Gluchowski argued that retaining control over transaction privacy and confidentiality may still matter. He suggested that interoperability between private environments will become increasingly important as more apps try to combine confidential activity with access to public blockchain liquidity. Not everyone is consolidating on Ethereum—and that matters Despite the momentum behind Ethereum-centric rollups and settlement, the article cautions against assuming a clean, inevitable consolidation of every chain into Ethereum’s orbit. Shannon argued that the market is not yet following a straightforward “L1 loses, L2 wins” path. He noted that some large institutions are indeed launching L2 networks, citing examples including Coinbase and Robinhood. At the same time, other institutions are continuing to build independent L1s, with the article pointing to Circle’s Arc, Stripe’s Tempo, and Hyperliquid’s purpose-specific perpetual futures blockchain. The practical implication for readers is that Ethereum’s gravitational pull is real—but competition for builders and institutional support may persist in parallel. The real battleground may be less about which architecture is “pure” and more about which designs can sustain demand, align incentives, and maintain profitability over time. Going forward, the key question for the industry is whether improved interoperability—especially synchronous interactions proposed by initiatives like Gnosis’s RollupX/EEZ—can translate into durable economic advantages for chains, not just better technical narratives. Investors and users should watch for evidence that these migrations reduce risk and increase usage, while keeping fragmentation and privacy trade-offs under control as more projects consider similar shifts. This article was originally published as Security and Cost Pressures Push Alt-L1 Projects Toward Ethereum on Crypto Breaking News – your trusted source for crypto news, Bitcoin news, and blockchain updates.

📊 DeFi: total value locked reaches $90 billion 📌 What's confirmed (October 23, 2026): * Total value locked (TVL) in DeFi rose 0.98% over the week to $90.16B, but it is still about 21% below the start of the year. * Hyperliquid L1 surged 123% on the week, while Solana and Ethereum declined. ⚠️ Risks: * A governance attack on Arkadiko on Stacks knocked the USDA stablecoin off its dollar peg, and its TVL fell by about 90%. * Blast L2 will shut down on October 26 after its TVL fell about 98% from its peak. 💡 DeFi offers profit potential, but it carries risk. This is not investment advice, so do your own research before putting in money. 👇 Your take: Will DeFi recover in 2027? A) Yes 📈 B) Only if security improves ⚖️ Dan A TWO — Crypto Without the Hype. #DeFi: #Crypto #DanATWO $ETH $SOL $BGB

Writing 🚀 TODAY'S TOP GAINER TOKENS — OCT 22 🚀 🔥 BLAST — $0.000036 | +84.41% 💎 BILL — $0.00671 | +21.78% ⚡ IRYS — $0.0197 | +19.00% 🌐 FORT — $0.0246 | +13.36% 🚀 GTC — $0.3193 | +12.27% 💠 CP — $0.00992 | +10.10% 📈 LIGHTER — $3.68 | +8.92% 🔷 CTR — $0.0172 | +7.53% 🛡️ ALEO — $0.0415 | +7.37% 🌟 MASK — $0.4556 | +6.78% 🔥 TRIA — $0.002624 | +5.76% 💫 KERNEL — $0.0485 | +5.71% 🪙 VVV — $27.35 | +5.67% ⚡ NOICE — $0.0000094 | +4.77% 🎯 PROS — $0.6279 | +3.75% 💎 RNBW — $0.0211 | +3.37% 🚀 ARKM — $0.1315 | +2.81% 🌐 SUP — $0.00359 | +2.60% 📊 Market Watch: Track price action, trading volume, and liquidity before making any decision. A token's recent gain does not guarantee further upside. #CryptoGainers #CryptoMarket #Altcoins #MarketUpdate

🚀 CRYPTO MARKET RADAR 2026: Trending Coins, High-Volatility Opportunities & Major Market Leaders The cryptocurrency market never stands still. One day, emerging tokens dominate the headlines; the next, established assets take center stage as traders respond to liquidity, market sentiment, project developments, and broader economic conditions. In this edition of Crypto Market Radar, we explore selected emerging projects, notable 24-hour market movers, and major cryptocurrencies with substantial market capitalizations. The goal is to help readers discover assets worth researching—not to predict guaranteed returns. 🔥 PART 1: CRYPTO PROJECTS TO KEEP ON YOUR WATCHLIST 1. $JCT — Janction Janction is a project to research for its approach to decentralized infrastructure and computing-related applications. Traders should examine its token utility, circulating supply, liquidity, and upcoming developments before making any decision. 2. $IOST — IOST IOST is a blockchain project focused on supporting decentralized applications and blockchain-based services. Its future performance may depend on network adoption, ecosystem activity, token demand, and overall market conditions. 3. $CVX — Convex Finance Convex Finance operates within the decentralized finance ecosystem and is associated with Curve Finance-related liquidity and rewards mechanisms. DeFi participants should pay attention to protocol activity, governance developments, and changes in incentives. 4. $ALT — AltLayer AltLayer focuses on blockchain scaling infrastructure and rollup-related technology. Its ecosystem developments and adoption are important research areas, while token unlocks and supply dynamics may influence market behavior. 5. $IRYS — Irys Irys is associated with blockchain infrastructure and data-oriented applications. As with other developing projects, investors should verify current network activity, token economics, exchange liquidity, and official announcements. 6. $GRVT — GRVT GRVT is associated with trading infrastructure and decentralized financial services. Anyone researching the project should confirm the exact token and market listing, then evaluate platform activity, token utility, and available liquidity. 7. $ARC — ARC The ticker $ARC may refer to different assets across cryptocurrency markets. Always verify the project's full name, contract address, and exchange listing before trading. A familiar ticker alone is not enough to establish asset identity. 8. $BLAST — Blast Blast is an Ethereum Layer 2 ecosystem known for its focus on scaling and yield-related features. Its long-term outlook depends on ecosystem usage, user retention, network activity, and the broader competitive environment. 9. $CYPH — CYPH Before considering $CYPH, confirm the exact project and exchange listing. Review the official documentation, token distribution, market depth, and recent announcements rather than relying on price movement alone. 10. $SPCH — Verify the instrument Ticker symbols can overlap with token names and exchange-listed instruments. Confirm whether $SPCH represents the intended crypto asset or a different market product before including it in a trading plan. Research reminder: This is a project watchlist, not a ranking of the best investments. Verify all tickers and live market data before acting. ⚡ PART 2: TEN COINS TO WATCH FOR MAJOR 24-HOUR MOVEMENTS Rapid price changes can attract attention, but a large percentage move does not automatically mean an asset is a good opportunity. The following tokens were among the notable movers in the referenced market snapshot; the order below is intentionally different from a conventional gainers-and-losers ranking. 1. $OMNI A sharp decline can reflect changing sentiment, reduced liquidity, or project-specific developments. Check the current trend and trading volume before interpreting a move as a potential reversal. 2. $IRYS Strong upward movement can attract momentum traders. However, fast rallies may reverse just as quickly, particularly when liquidity is limited or the move is driven by short-term speculation. 3. $AXIS Large percentage swings deserve additional scrutiny. Confirm the precise asset, inspect available order-book depth, and check whether the price movement is supported by meaningful trading activity. 4. $DOOD A strong rally can bring increased attention to a token. Research circulating supply, unlock schedules, project announcements, and whether trading activity remains elevated after the initial surge. 5. $SEAM Significant downside movement may signal selling pressure, but it does not establish that a token has reached a bottom. Monitor support levels and broader market conditions. 6. $W Before drawing conclusions from a price move, confirm the specific asset represented by $W on your exchange. Then evaluate volume, liquidity, and the latest project updates. 7. $BLAST A rapid increase can create momentum, but chasing an extended candle may expose traders to sharp pullbacks. Compare the move with historical volatility and current market depth. 8. $IDEX A large decline can reflect broad market weakness or token-specific selling. Investigate the reason for the move instead of assuming that a lower price automatically represents value. 9. $RLS A strong short-term advance may indicate increased attention, but traders should check whether the move is sustained across multiple time frames and supported by genuine liquidity. 10. $APR Sudden declines require careful verification of the asset, its listing, and the market data source. Thinly traded tokens can experience exaggerated price changes and wide spreads. Important data note: These are selected notable movers from a referenced snapshot, not a verified, continuously updated top-10 volatility ranking. The list mixes rising and falling assets. Prices, percentages, listings, and ticker identities may change; confirm current figures on a reliable market-data platform. 🐋 PART 3: TEN MAJOR CRYPTO ASSETS WITH LARGE MARKET CAPITALIZATIONS Market capitalization provides a useful way to understand an asset's relative size. It does not guarantee safety, liquidity in every market, or future growth. 1. $ETH — Ethereum Ethereum supports smart contracts, decentralized applications, and a large decentralized finance ecosystem. Its network usage, scaling developments, fees, and staking dynamics are important areas to monitor. 2. $BTC — Bitcoin Bitcoin is the leading cryptocurrency by market capitalization in many market snapshots and is often treated as a benchmark for the wider crypto market. Its price can respond to institutional flows, macroeconomic conditions, liquidity, and investor sentiment. 3. $SOL — Solana Solana supports a high-throughput blockchain ecosystem used for decentralized applications, trading, and digital assets. Network reliability, user activity, ecosystem growth, and market demand are key factors to research. 4. $XRP — XRP XRP is associated with the XRP Ledger and payment-focused use cases. Market participants commonly monitor regulatory developments, ecosystem adoption, liquidity, and broader cryptocurrency trends. 5. $BNB — BNB BNB is connected to the BNB Chain ecosystem and related platform utilities. Its market outlook can be influenced by network activity, ecosystem growth, exchange-related developments, and regulatory conditions. 6. $USDC — USD Coin USDC is a dollar-linked stablecoin designed to maintain a value close to one US dollar. Users should understand issuer, reserve, redemption, and regulatory risks; a stablecoin is not the same type of investment as a volatile cryptocurrency. 7. $TRX — TRON TRON supports blockchain-based applications and digital-asset transfers, including stablecoin activity. Network usage, transaction demand, ecosystem developments, and regulatory considerations can affect its outlook. 8. $USDT — Tether USDT is a widely used dollar-pegged stablecoin that plays a major role in cryptocurrency trading and liquidity. Its primary purpose differs from that of an asset purchased for capital appreciation. 9. $HYPE — Hyperliquid HYPE is associated with the Hyperliquid ecosystem and its on-chain trading infrastructure. Traders should examine platform activity, token utility, supply schedules, governance, and the risks of concentrated market sentiment. 10. $ZEC — Zcash Zcash is a cryptocurrency known for privacy-oriented transaction features. Its market performance can be influenced by adoption, technical development, exchange support, and regulatory treatment of privacy-focused assets. Market-cap reminder: Rankings change with prices, circulating supply, and data-provider methodology. This is a selection of notable assets, not a guaranteed current ranking from first to tenth. Verify live rankings before publication. 📊 WHAT SHOULD TRADERS CHECK BEFORE ENTERING A TRADE? A token appearing on a trending list is only the starting point. Before making a trading decision, consider these five factors: - Trend: Is the price making higher highs and higher lows, or lower highs and lower lows? - Volume: Is trading activity supporting the move, or is price moving in a thin market? - Liquidity: Can an order be entered and exited without excessive slippage? - Token supply: Are unlocks, emissions, or concentrated holdings likely to affect supply? - Risk management: Is the invalidation level defined before entry, and is position size appropriate? For futures traders, leverage can magnify losses as well as gains. Avoid choosing a direction based solely on a token's position on a 24-hour movers list. 🔎 FINAL TAKEAWAY: RESEARCH FIRST, TRADE SECOND The crypto market offers a wide range of opportunities to study, from established assets such as $BTC and $ETH to emerging projects such as $IRYS, $ALT, and $JCT. High-volatility tokens may attract short-term attention, while large-cap assets can provide a different market profile. Neither category guarantees returns. A disciplined approach combines verified data, independent research, realistic expectations, and a risk-management plan. $BTC $JCT $CT